Sekapur Sirih Edisi XI Tahun 2004
Setelah berlaku Undang-undang no. 10 tahun 1998, maka Bank Indonesia mengakui eksistensi Bank Syari’ah sama kedudukannya dalam tatanan industri perbankan di Indonesia. Di samping itu, Bank konvensional diperbolehkan membuka kantor cabang Syari’ah.
Lahirnya Undang-Undang No. 23 Tahun 1999 mengharuskan Bank Indonesia bertanggung jawab terhadap pengawasan perbankan pada umunya, Bank Syari’ah pada khususnya. Bank Indonesia berwenang pula untuk menetapkan kebijakan moneter berdasarkan prinsip Syari’ah. Didirikannya Bank Umum Syari’ah setelah Bank Muamalat Indonesia, dibukanya Unit Usaha Syari’ah, sosialisasi pasar uang Syari’ah oleh Bank Indonesia, dan menyusun peraturan operasional perbankan Syari’ah.
Regulasi terhadap rasio kecukupan modal (CAR) pada bank syariah akan mendorong perbankan syari’ah untuk menerapkan strategi keuangan dan pemasaran yang berbeda. Adanya rekening investasi bagi-hasil, membuat bank syariah memiliki struktur permodalan yang berbeda dengan bank konvensional. Di sisi lain, keharusan bank syari’ah untuk mematuhi hukum (syariah) Islam juga menuntut bank syariah untuk memiliki kinerja bisnis yang tidak hanya melindungi ekonomi nasabah, juga harus menjaga nasabah agar tidak melanggar syari’ah Islam, dan hal ini harus diantisipasi oleh regulasi perbankan syariah.
Perjanjian pembiayaan dengan prinsip syari’ah seperti prinsip mudharabah, musyarakah, murabahah, istishna, salam, dan lain sebagainya menggunakan sistem bagi hasil, sistem jual beli dan sistem ijarah. Perjanian pembiayaan dengan sistem bagi hasil berdasarkan prinsip mudharabah dan musyarakah menggunakan struktur hukum persekutuan atau partnership, sedangkan sistem jual beli berdasarkan prinsip murabahah, al-istishna dan as-salam menggunakan struktur hukum jual beli.
Rangkaian aktivitas pasar modal syari’ah dan pengembangannya tampaknya masih menghadapi beberapa kendala, antara lain belum ada ketentuan yang melegitimasi pasar modal syariah dalam bentuk perundangan secara eksplisit, lebih populer sebagai wacana, dan sosialisasi pasar modal belum didukung oleh berbagai pihak pihak terkait. Oleh karena itu, masih perlu perjuangan agar ada UU Pasar Modal Syariah.
Persoalan nilai-nilai etika atau moral akuntansi sebagai suatu komponen penting perbankan Islam, maka diperlukan akuntan yang memiliki nilai etika ideal, agar manfaat perbankan Syari’ah dapat dirasakan masyarakat luas. Tauhid perlu dielaborasi sebagai basis aktivitas seorang muslim dalam semua aktivitas, dan khususnya dalam bidang perbankan.
Melalui sekapur sirih ini redaksi menginformasikan bahwa jurnal hukum Islam Al-Mawarid edisi yang akan datang mengangat tema: Prospek dan Tantangan Sarjana Syari’ah Pasca Undang-Undang Advokat. Oleh karena itu, kami mengajak khalayak baik akademisi, praktisi dan lain-lain untuk ikut menyumbangkan tulisan berkaitan dengan tema tersebut.
Penyunting
Capital Regulation on Islamic Banking
Priyonggo Suseno
Abstrak
Regulasi terhadap rasio kecukupan modal (CAR) pada bank syariah akan mendorong perbankan syariah untuk menerapkan strategi keuangan dan pemasaran yang berbeda. Adanya rekening investasi bagi-hasil membuat bank syariah memiliki struktur permodalan yang berbeda dengan bank konvensional.Jika rekening investasi bagi-hasil tidak diperlakukan sebagai bagian dari modal, Tier 1 ataupun Tier 2, akan mendorong perbankan syariah yang memiliki modal relatif kecil untuk meningkatkan pembiayaan jenis non-bagi hasil. Disisi lain, keharusan bank syariah untuk mematuhi hukum (syariah) Islam juga menuntut bank syariah untuk memiliki kinerja bisnis yang bukan hanya melindungi ekonomi nasabah, namun juga menjaga nasabah dari pelanggaran syariah Islam dan hal ini harus diadopsi oleh regulasi perbankan syariah.
Aplikasi Musyarakah dalam Perbankan Islam (Studi Fiqh terhadap Produk Perbankan Islam)
Asmuni Mth
Abstract
Musyarakah is a joint-venture between two or more people with capital equity for each. Musyarakah is considered as a highly healthy transaction to establish a reciprocal economic cooperation. In order to be more applicable into the real sectors, there has been a new form of musyarakah namely musyarakah mutanaqisah muntahiyah bit-tamlik. This type is a combination of syarikah and sales contract; or exactly, musyarakah agreement ends with the ownership of the object toward the business partner. The nature of the movement of the object also differentiates this musyarakah from common musyarakah The profitsharing of this new type is not always based on the capital equity, because it depends on the agreement of each side. However, the loss must be proportionally shared.
Praktek Pembiayaan Bank Syariah dan Problematikanya
Amir Mu’allim
Abstract
The theory and practice of syariah banking will be able to exist and be a model when it’s able to solve the society’s problem, but it will be left when considered unsuccessful to solve the society’s problem, especially poverty and unemployment problem. Based on this opinion, academicians and syariah banking practitioners have to evaluate and reform regularly upon the concept and some practices which failed to overcome the society’s problem. The firmest idea upon the research purpose is the evaluation of syariah banking funding products system. The domination of murahabah funding of syariah banking, moreover in Indonesia, strengthened the indication that substantionally syariah banking system haven’t perform its base function, it’s improving people’s economy and society’s prosperity. The main step should be performed is opening the funding concepts which is possible to carry out using more simply procedure and keep it on carefully. The reformation concerned with funding problematic is improving the quality of better funding system. The real step is avoiding fudhul trading transaction and give funding priority for real-sector which offers employment opportunity and reducing poverty. The difficult procedure liked the item of application procedure about the length of life-work of the customers who propose application should be changed by escorting program known as personal guarantee or ad dlaman. It doesn’t mean refusing productive funding application, rather accepted it by escorting program. Using this model, employment opportunity will be broader expanded also the society’s prosperity is going to spread widerly.
Key words : Syariah banking system, Problematic, Funding.
Sistem Pembiayaan Berdasarkan Prinsip Syariah (Suatu Tinjauan Yuridis Terhadap Praktek Pembiayaan di Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia)
Ahmad Supriyadi
Abstract
This research aims at knowing sub system of law about the finance based on Syariah principle in Indonesia by method normative judicial approach not Islamic jurisprudence approach because the dispute finance have to solve by civil law of Indonesia. The research shows that finance based on Syariah principle have sub systems are profit sharing system, sale system and lease system.
Prospek Perbankan Syari’ah Pasca Undang-Undang No. 10 Tahun 1989
Rahmani Timorita Yulianti
Abstract
The policy on Islamic banking Indonesia ten years latter made a good progress. After struggling 19 years since it was sounded for the first time in 1973, Indonesian Muamalat Bank was born officially in 1992. It was a bank whose the syaria principles in its operation. Actually, the Act number 7, 1992, was not accommodate yet all the syaria principles, but enough for being the basic of coming of first Islamic bank. Furthermore, the existence of them, more confidence with the Act number 10, 1998 which stated clearly the Islamic bank co-existence with the conventional banks. The result of the article are, that the existence of the regulations on the Islamic banking in Indonesia up to 2002, significance enough toward the progress of Islamic banks. Since the born of the Act 7, 1992 on Banking; then the Act number 10, 1998 on the change of the Act number 7, 1992, Islamic banking has been developing which supported by other finance institutions such as assurance, multi-finance, and soon whose syaria principle in their operation. However, there are a lot of thing must be recovered and protected by the wide umbrella of supported regulations in order to Islamic banking always run under syaria principles, wishing they will give more benefit contribution to the progress of Indonesian economic recovery.
Membangun Bursa Efek Syari’ah yang Berkualitas dan Berdaya Saing Tinggi
Muhammad Irfan Shofwani
Abstract
Stock Exchange Market is one of effective tool to accelerate the development of the country. Stock Exchange Market is one of alternative that can be used by the company to get capital needs. Althoght it has been banking institution, cause of leverage case, the company cannot get the many from bank instituion. Stock exchange market and bank institution have to be good partner. Economic crisis in 1997 had been a moment that realize Indonesian toward the weakness of economic macro and micro. The great of Indonesia development result in New Order era with Gross Domestic Bruto (GDP) and Gross National Bruto (GNP) indicator was only be deceit power. One of reasons was that our national power bulit on abroad debt, even government or non-government. The situation caused many dificulties when many of investation capital brought out of the country. The market need reformation, need not intervention. This is one of the opprotunies for academist and economist for developing moneter institution based on Syari’ah values. The proof of Bank Muamalat Indonesia (BMI) ability to exist in our banking system, when many others colaps, can be capital to develop Syari’ah economic institutions. Although the total asset of Syari’ah banking only 0,23% of nasional banking asset, but the development shows great signs. As a part of national moneter system, Syari’ah banking needs to be sopported by Islamic Exchange Market.
Akuntansi Kapitalis dalam Kacamata Syari’ah: Suatu Catatan Aksiologis
Yulia Hafizah
Abstract
This paper elaborated the facts of capitalism accounting which as for the writer has value free. This kind of accounting in it’s praxis didn’t respect the humankind and make them just as the part of matters. One solution must to do for this condition, there are the intervence of value to the capitalism accounting. In the other hand, indeed the perfect accounting is the accounting which able to put the humanbeing in their right place, that’s as the khalifatullah. The understanting of mankind position in this world will make the formulation of accounting which is not let the problems of ethichs or moral. We have to know that the accounting which has the high value will grant the cooperative condition for the accounters and for the publics as general. The answer for his question may we find in Syariah accounting.
Kata Kunci: Akuntansi Kapitalis, Akuntansi Syariah, Khalifatullah, Nilai.
Mekanisme Kerja BNI Syariah Cabang Yogyakarta dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam
Dadan Muttaqien
Abstract
BNI Syaria stands up and operates on April 29th, 2000. representing the part of Strategic Businness of Unit Ritel, with the philosophic base: Do not contain the lap element, downright and Real correct, Fair, and fair profit. base laws; UU No. 23 Year 1999, UU No. 7 Year 1992, UU No. 10 Year 1998 about Banking, Handbill of BI of Business of Arrangement and Development of Banking No. 32/2/UPPB, 12 May 1999, SK of Board of directors of BI No. 32/34/KEP/DIR, 12 May 1999 about Public Bank [of] Pursuant To Moslem law Principle. Basis for its normative law is syari’at Islam. The Products of BNI Syaria Branch the Yogyakarta have legalistic of Islam, because have as according to soul of nash Al Qur’An and also Al Sunnah and also opinion of all fuqaha. And so do system weared in commercializing have as according to soul Punishment in Islam.
Teori Hak Milik dalam Pemikiran Abu Hasan Bani Sadr
Muhammad Z.A.
Abstract
The special characteristics of Islamic concept on the property is the facts that the legitimition of the property depend on morality. In this case Islam has the different perspective with the Capitalism and Sosialism, for both have no succed to put the individual right balance to social one. The individual property is the basic of Capitalism, while on contatry the elimination of it is the basic of Socialism. This paper tries to elaborate the property concept in Islamic economic System. Actually, the discourse of this problem has many varians in intellectual Muslim perspective. Here, the author aims to blow up one property theory belongs to Abu Hasan Bani Sadr. Bani Sadr in his explanations about property put his argumentation to the basic concept of Islamic teaching, that’s tawhid. The main characteristics of the property as for him is the property belongs to the society, but the individu by the condition has the freedom right to hold the property. Having the property is the trusteeship and legalized to use it freeon condition not danger the public rights.
Kata Kunci: Kepemilikan, Tauhid, Individu, Masyarakat, Allah
Etika Kerja dalam Perspektif Islam
Nur Kholis
Abstract
The article below traces how Islamic religion teachs moslem people to work ethically. Islam anticipates unjustice, tyrannical and cruel in human life by giving ethics in work. Every moslem must obey these ethics to realize good life and prosperity for all human beings. Work ethics in Islamic perspective namely; every body must work hard because working is identity of his humanity, avoiding exploitation dan suffer losses to others, always remembering worship for God, responsible to his job, working in halal way, must be professional, etc. Assembling of work ethics in Islamic perspective as guidance for working in daily life, it makes life better and more prosperous. Work ethics must be actualized whenever and wherever.
Key Words: etika kerja, kerja keras, prinsip kerja, Islam
Resensi Buku: Resource Mobilization and Investment in an Islamic Economic Framework
Yusdani
Nilai lebih buku ini paling tidak dalam dua hal, yaitu kaya pembahasan teoritis konseptual dan didukung data empirik (penelitian lapangan) sehingga pembaca menjadi paham tentang bagaimana prinsip-prinsip ekonomi Islam dan contoh penerapan prinsip-prinsip dimaksud khususnya dalam bidang perbankan dan keuangan Islam dalam realitas masyarakat muslim. Akan tetapi, mungkin salah satu kendala untuk mamahami buku ini di samping belum ada terjemahannya dalam bahasa Indonesia, juga deskripsi bab-bab tertentu menggunakan rumus-rumus statistika yang kadang-kadang tanpa diberi penjelasan yang cukup sehingga bagi pembaca yang tidak terbiasa dengan rumus-rumus tersebut sulit memahami buku ini. Akan tetapi terlepas dari itu semua, yang jelas kehadiran buku ini memberikan sumbangan yang positif bagi penggalian konsep ekonomi, keuangan dan perbankan Islam yang sementara ini masih sangat kurang, terutama yang ditulis dalam bahasa Indonesia.
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Edisi XI Tahun 2004
Sekapur Sirih Edisi XI Tahun 2004
Setelah berlaku Undang-undang no. 10 tahun 1998, maka Bank Indonesia mengakui eksistensi Bank Syari’ah sama kedudukannya dalam tatanan industri perbankan di Indonesia. Di samping itu, Bank konvensional diperbolehkan membuka kantor cabang Syari’ah.
Lahirnya Undang-Undang No. 23 Tahun 1999 mengharuskan Bank Indonesia bertanggung jawab terhadap pengawasan perbankan pada umunya, Bank Syari’ah pada khususnya. Bank Indonesia berwenang pula untuk menetapkan kebijakan moneter berdasarkan prinsip Syari’ah. Didirikannya Bank Umum Syari’ah setelah Bank Muamalat Indonesia, dibukanya Unit Usaha Syari’ah, sosialisasi pasar uang Syari’ah oleh Bank Indonesia, dan menyusun peraturan operasional perbankan Syari’ah.
Regulasi terhadap rasio kecukupan modal (CAR) pada bank syariah akan mendorong perbankan syari’ah untuk menerapkan strategi keuangan dan pemasaran yang berbeda. Adanya rekening investasi bagi-hasil, membuat bank syariah memiliki struktur permodalan yang berbeda dengan bank konvensional. Di sisi lain, keharusan bank syari’ah untuk mematuhi hukum (syariah) Islam juga menuntut bank syariah untuk memiliki kinerja bisnis yang tidak hanya melindungi ekonomi nasabah, juga harus menjaga nasabah agar tidak melanggar syari’ah Islam, dan hal ini harus diantisipasi oleh regulasi perbankan syariah.
Perjanjian pembiayaan dengan prinsip syari’ah seperti prinsip mudharabah, musyarakah, murabahah, istishna, salam, dan lain sebagainya menggunakan sistem bagi hasil, sistem jual beli dan sistem ijarah. Perjanian pembiayaan dengan sistem bagi hasil berdasarkan prinsip mudharabah dan musyarakah menggunakan struktur hukum persekutuan atau partnership, sedangkan sistem jual beli berdasarkan prinsip murabahah, al-istishna dan as-salam menggunakan struktur hukum jual beli.
Rangkaian aktivitas pasar modal syari’ah dan pengembangannya tampaknya masih menghadapi beberapa kendala, antara lain belum ada ketentuan yang melegitimasi pasar modal syariah dalam bentuk perundangan secara eksplisit, lebih populer sebagai wacana, dan sosialisasi pasar modal belum didukung oleh berbagai pihak pihak terkait. Oleh karena itu, masih perlu perjuangan agar ada UU Pasar Modal Syariah.
Persoalan nilai-nilai etika atau moral akuntansi sebagai suatu komponen penting perbankan Islam, maka diperlukan akuntan yang memiliki nilai etika ideal, agar manfaat perbankan Syari’ah dapat dirasakan masyarakat luas. Tauhid perlu dielaborasi sebagai basis aktivitas seorang muslim dalam semua aktivitas, dan khususnya dalam bidang perbankan.
Melalui sekapur sirih ini redaksi menginformasikan bahwa jurnal hukum Islam Al-Mawarid edisi yang akan datang mengangat tema: Prospek dan Tantangan Sarjana Syari’ah Pasca Undang-Undang Advokat. Oleh karena itu, kami mengajak khalayak baik akademisi, praktisi dan lain-lain untuk ikut menyumbangkan tulisan berkaitan dengan tema tersebut.
Penyunting
Capital Regulation on Islamic Banking
Priyonggo Suseno
Abstrak
Regulasi terhadap rasio kecukupan modal (CAR) pada bank syariah akan mendorong perbankan syariah untuk menerapkan strategi keuangan dan pemasaran yang berbeda. Adanya rekening investasi bagi-hasil membuat bank syariah memiliki struktur permodalan yang berbeda dengan bank konvensional.Jika rekening investasi bagi-hasil tidak diperlakukan sebagai bagian dari modal, Tier 1 ataupun Tier 2, akan mendorong perbankan syariah yang memiliki modal relatif kecil untuk meningkatkan pembiayaan jenis non-bagi hasil. Disisi lain, keharusan bank syariah untuk mematuhi hukum (syariah) Islam juga menuntut bank syariah untuk memiliki kinerja bisnis yang bukan hanya melindungi ekonomi nasabah, namun juga menjaga nasabah dari pelanggaran syariah Islam dan hal ini harus diadopsi oleh regulasi perbankan syariah.
Aplikasi Musyarakah dalam Perbankan Islam (Studi Fiqh terhadap Produk Perbankan Islam)
Asmuni Mth
Abstract
Musyarakah is a joint-venture between two or more people with capital equity for each. Musyarakah is considered as a highly healthy transaction to establish a reciprocal economic cooperation. In order to be more applicable into the real sectors, there has been a new form of musyarakah namely musyarakah mutanaqisah muntahiyah bit-tamlik. This type is a combination of syarikah and sales contract; or exactly, musyarakah agreement ends with the ownership of the object toward the business partner. The nature of the movement of the object also differentiates this musyarakah from common musyarakah The profitsharing of this new type is not always based on the capital equity, because it depends on the agreement of each side. However, the loss must be proportionally shared.
Praktek Pembiayaan Bank Syariah dan Problematikanya
Amir Mu’allim
Abstract
The theory and practice of syariah banking will be able to exist and be a model when it’s able to solve the society’s problem, but it will be left when considered unsuccessful to solve the society’s problem, especially poverty and unemployment problem. Based on this opinion, academicians and syariah banking practitioners have to evaluate and reform regularly upon the concept and some practices which failed to overcome the society’s problem. The firmest idea upon the research purpose is the evaluation of syariah banking funding products system. The domination of murahabah funding of syariah banking, moreover in Indonesia, strengthened the indication that substantionally syariah banking system haven’t perform its base function, it’s improving people’s economy and society’s prosperity. The main step should be performed is opening the funding concepts which is possible to carry out using more simply procedure and keep it on carefully. The reformation concerned with funding problematic is improving the quality of better funding system. The real step is avoiding fudhul trading transaction and give funding priority for real-sector which offers employment opportunity and reducing poverty. The difficult procedure liked the item of application procedure about the length of life-work of the customers who propose application should be changed by escorting program known as personal guarantee or ad dlaman. It doesn’t mean refusing productive funding application, rather accepted it by escorting program. Using this model, employment opportunity will be broader expanded also the society’s prosperity is going to spread widerly.
Key words : Syariah banking system, Problematic, Funding.
Sistem Pembiayaan Berdasarkan Prinsip Syariah (Suatu Tinjauan Yuridis Terhadap Praktek Pembiayaan di Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia)
Ahmad Supriyadi
Abstract
This research aims at knowing sub system of law about the finance based on Syariah principle in Indonesia by method normative judicial approach not Islamic jurisprudence approach because the dispute finance have to solve by civil law of Indonesia. The research shows that finance based on Syariah principle have sub systems are profit sharing system, sale system and lease system.
Prospek Perbankan Syari’ah Pasca Undang-Undang No. 10 Tahun 1989
Rahmani Timorita Yulianti
Abstract
The policy on Islamic banking Indonesia ten years latter made a good progress. After struggling 19 years since it was sounded for the first time in 1973, Indonesian Muamalat Bank was born officially in 1992. It was a bank whose the syaria principles in its operation. Actually, the Act number 7, 1992, was not accommodate yet all the syaria principles, but enough for being the basic of coming of first Islamic bank. Furthermore, the existence of them, more confidence with the Act number 10, 1998 which stated clearly the Islamic bank co-existence with the conventional banks. The result of the article are, that the existence of the regulations on the Islamic banking in Indonesia up to 2002, significance enough toward the progress of Islamic banks. Since the born of the Act 7, 1992 on Banking; then the Act number 10, 1998 on the change of the Act number 7, 1992, Islamic banking has been developing which supported by other finance institutions such as assurance, multi-finance, and soon whose syaria principle in their operation. However, there are a lot of thing must be recovered and protected by the wide umbrella of supported regulations in order to Islamic banking always run under syaria principles, wishing they will give more benefit contribution to the progress of Indonesian economic recovery.
Membangun Bursa Efek Syari’ah yang Berkualitas dan Berdaya Saing Tinggi
Muhammad Irfan Shofwani
Abstract
Stock Exchange Market is one of effective tool to accelerate the development of the country. Stock Exchange Market is one of alternative that can be used by the company to get capital needs. Althoght it has been banking institution, cause of leverage case, the company cannot get the many from bank instituion. Stock exchange market and bank institution have to be good partner. Economic crisis in 1997 had been a moment that realize Indonesian toward the weakness of economic macro and micro. The great of Indonesia development result in New Order era with Gross Domestic Bruto (GDP) and Gross National Bruto (GNP) indicator was only be deceit power. One of reasons was that our national power bulit on abroad debt, even government or non-government. The situation caused many dificulties when many of investation capital brought out of the country. The market need reformation, need not intervention. This is one of the opprotunies for academist and economist for developing moneter institution based on Syari’ah values. The proof of Bank Muamalat Indonesia (BMI) ability to exist in our banking system, when many others colaps, can be capital to develop Syari’ah economic institutions. Although the total asset of Syari’ah banking only 0,23% of nasional banking asset, but the development shows great signs. As a part of national moneter system, Syari’ah banking needs to be sopported by Islamic Exchange Market.
Akuntansi Kapitalis dalam Kacamata Syari’ah: Suatu Catatan Aksiologis
Yulia Hafizah
Abstract
This paper elaborated the facts of capitalism accounting which as for the writer has value free. This kind of accounting in it’s praxis didn’t respect the humankind and make them just as the part of matters. One solution must to do for this condition, there are the intervence of value to the capitalism accounting. In the other hand, indeed the perfect accounting is the accounting which able to put the humanbeing in their right place, that’s as the khalifatullah. The understanting of mankind position in this world will make the formulation of accounting which is not let the problems of ethichs or moral. We have to know that the accounting which has the high value will grant the cooperative condition for the accounters and for the publics as general. The answer for his question may we find in Syariah accounting.
Kata Kunci: Akuntansi Kapitalis, Akuntansi Syariah, Khalifatullah, Nilai.
Mekanisme Kerja BNI Syariah Cabang Yogyakarta dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam
Dadan Muttaqien
Abstract
BNI Syaria stands up and operates on April 29th, 2000. representing the part of Strategic Businness of Unit Ritel, with the philosophic base: Do not contain the lap element, downright and Real correct, Fair, and fair profit. base laws; UU No. 23 Year 1999, UU No. 7 Year 1992, UU No. 10 Year 1998 about Banking, Handbill of BI of Business of Arrangement and Development of Banking No. 32/2/UPPB, 12 May 1999, SK of Board of directors of BI No. 32/34/KEP/DIR, 12 May 1999 about Public Bank [of] Pursuant To Moslem law Principle. Basis for its normative law is syari’at Islam. The Products of BNI Syaria Branch the Yogyakarta have legalistic of Islam, because have as according to soul of nash Al Qur’An and also Al Sunnah and also opinion of all fuqaha. And so do system weared in commercializing have as according to soul Punishment in Islam.
Teori Hak Milik dalam Pemikiran Abu Hasan Bani Sadr
Muhammad Z.A.
Abstract
The special characteristics of Islamic concept on the property is the facts that the legitimition of the property depend on morality. In this case Islam has the different perspective with the Capitalism and Sosialism, for both have no succed to put the individual right balance to social one. The individual property is the basic of Capitalism, while on contatry the elimination of it is the basic of Socialism. This paper tries to elaborate the property concept in Islamic economic System. Actually, the discourse of this problem has many varians in intellectual Muslim perspective. Here, the author aims to blow up one property theory belongs to Abu Hasan Bani Sadr. Bani Sadr in his explanations about property put his argumentation to the basic concept of Islamic teaching, that’s tawhid. The main characteristics of the property as for him is the property belongs to the society, but the individu by the condition has the freedom right to hold the property. Having the property is the trusteeship and legalized to use it freeon condition not danger the public rights.
Kata Kunci: Kepemilikan, Tauhid, Individu, Masyarakat, Allah
Etika Kerja dalam Perspektif Islam
Nur Kholis
Abstract
The article below traces how Islamic religion teachs moslem people to work ethically. Islam anticipates unjustice, tyrannical and cruel in human life by giving ethics in work. Every moslem must obey these ethics to realize good life and prosperity for all human beings. Work ethics in Islamic perspective namely; every body must work hard because working is identity of his humanity, avoiding exploitation dan suffer losses to others, always remembering worship for God, responsible to his job, working in halal way, must be professional, etc. Assembling of work ethics in Islamic perspective as guidance for working in daily life, it makes life better and more prosperous. Work ethics must be actualized whenever and wherever.
Key Words: etika kerja, kerja keras, prinsip kerja, Islam
Resensi Buku: Resource Mobilization and Investment in an Islamic Economic Framework
Yusdani
Nilai lebih buku ini paling tidak dalam dua hal, yaitu kaya pembahasan teoritis konseptual dan didukung data empirik (penelitian lapangan) sehingga pembaca menjadi paham tentang bagaimana prinsip-prinsip ekonomi Islam dan contoh penerapan prinsip-prinsip dimaksud khususnya dalam bidang perbankan dan keuangan Islam dalam realitas masyarakat muslim. Akan tetapi, mungkin salah satu kendala untuk mamahami buku ini di samping belum ada terjemahannya dalam bahasa Indonesia, juga deskripsi bab-bab tertentu menggunakan rumus-rumus statistika yang kadang-kadang tanpa diberi penjelasan yang cukup sehingga bagi pembaca yang tidak terbiasa dengan rumus-rumus tersebut sulit memahami buku ini. Akan tetapi terlepas dari itu semua, yang jelas kehadiran buku ini memberikan sumbangan yang positif bagi penggalian konsep ekonomi, keuangan dan perbankan Islam yang sementara ini masih sangat kurang, terutama yang ditulis dalam bahasa Indonesia.
Edisi X Tahun 2003
Jaminan Perundang-undangan tentang Eksistensi Lembaga Keuangan Syari`ah di Indonesia
Muhammad Amin Suma
Abstract
The author of this article explains that Islamic economics system actually has developed in Indonesia. But because of Dutch Colonized era and the government after, Islamic economics system has been marginalized in Indonesia. In the beginning of 1990s, Islamic economics particularly in monetary system that indicates the operating of Bank Muamalat Indonesia (BMI-Muamalat Bank of Indonesia) in 1992, Lembaga Keuangan Syari’ah (LKBS-Syariah Finance Institution), and Lembaga Keuangan Syari’ah Non Bank (LKSBB-Non-Bank Syariah Finance Institution).These institutions emerge at the time when economic crisis happen in Indonesia. According to the writer of the article the growth of Islamic economics institutions in Indonesia gives hopes. But the problem in the context of those is the legislations that regulate the institution do not appear yet.
Persepsi Masyarakat terhadap Lembaga Keuangan Syariah
Amir Mu’allim
Abstract
Some of elements in our society have responded the expansive development and growth of syariah banking contemptuously, moreover, among some moslems themselves.The contemptuous view of Islamic banking showed by people’s trust for Syari’ah Banking has been still relatively low. It shown by the moslem participation on investment and capital movement. Indeed, some of moslem intellectuals have criticized syariah banking, they considered of the transactions done by Islamic bankings, even, in contrary with its own-concept. In other words, it’s in compatible with syari’ah spirit. The contemptuous view can’t be separated from capitalism economic that’s been deeply rooted in our society. Learning the problem surrounding syari’ah finance institution and some of its positive value, it’s urgently required for this institution to improve its profesionality, in order to arise its image, next in future it hopefully able to spread wider merciful benefit . The effort increasing profesionality have to more attention of the relationship between syari’ah finance institution and consumers, a commitment of continuous inovation and also a balanced consideration of decision maker research. Operationally, profesionality improvement of syari’ah finance institution able to apply the Criteria Grade of Syariah banking Choice in Yogyakarta as its measurement.
Key words: Persepsi, Pandangan, Lembaga Keuangan Syari’ah, Profesionalitas
Kualifikasi Sumber Daya Manusia di Lembaga Keuangan Syari’ah
Muhammad
Abstract
Shari’ah Finance Institution has developed progressively nowadays, for instance Shari’ah Banking, Shari’ah Insurance, Shari’ah Exchange,Shari’ah Pawning, and Baitul Mal wat-Tamwil. For that reason, the existence of Shari’ah Finance Institution demands investor and manager those have certainly criteria. The minimum criteria that should be owned by finance institution either from the institution, investor or manager are the credibility and the professionalility. The credibility and professionality become so important because of (1) in order Shari’ah Finance Institution has a competitive advantage, and (2) problem of human resources that indicates the lower professionalities, lower understanding regarding moral and Islamic business ethics , and (3) to increase the professionalities is not only including the skill but also including a moral commitment and business ethic that originated from religion (Islam) as a guidance how to conduct Shari’ah Finance Institution in the future.
Keyword: Lembaga Keuangan Syari’ah; Profesionalitas; Kredibilitas;
Sistem Pembiayaan Berdasarkan Prinsip Syariah (Suatu Tinjauan Yuridis Terhadap Praktek Pembiayaan di Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia)
Ahmad Supriyadi
Abstract
This research aims at knowing sub system of law about the finance based on Syariah principle in Indonesia by method normative judicial approach not Islamic jurisprudence approach because the dispute finance have to solve by civil law of Indonesia. The research shows that finance based on Syariah principle have subsystems are profit sharing system, sale system and lease system.
Kualifikasi Manajemen Lembaga Keuangan Menurut Petunjuk Syari’ah
Sofwan Jannah
Abstract
The sharia finance institution (LKS) can be managed well, if it’s done by professional people who have commitment to Islamic syaria, in order to get guidance of Allah SWT. Appreciation and society belief of syaria finance institution’s activities in Indonesia today. Bank Muamalat Indonesia (BMI) who gets the 7th grade and 13th for Bank Syariah Mandiri (BSM) of 62 banks, have given the evidence of the management and work of syaria finance institution arn’t worse then the convensional finace institution.
Lembaga Keuangan Syariah dan Arbitrase Muamalat Indonesia
M. Fajar Hidayanto
Abstrak
Pada era sekarang ini terjadi perubahan baru di kalangan masyarakat Indonesia. perkembangan tingkat religiusitas semakin meningkat. Kebutuhan untuk menghapus dikotomi dan penyakit dualisme mulai dilakukan. Usaha tersebut merupakan upaya untuk menyatukan (islamisasi) ilmu umum dan ilmu agama. Kesemuanya ini dilakukan dalam rangka mengejar ketinggalan masyarakat dengan perkembangan zaman yang semakin cepat, dan tuntutan serta tantangan yang semakin banyak.
Membangun Bursa Efek Syari’ah yang Berkualitas dan Berdaya Saing Tinggi
Muhammad Irfan Shofwani
Abstract
Stock Exchange Market is one of effective tool to accelerate the development of the country. Stock Exchange Market is one of alternative that can be used by the company to get capital needs. Althoght it has been banking institution, cause of leverage case, the company cannot get the many from bank instituion. Stock exchange market and bank institution have to be good partner. Economic crisis in 1997 had been a moment that realize Indonesian toward the weakness of economic macro and micro. The great of Indonesia development result in New Order era with Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Gross National Product (GNP) indicator was only be deceit power. One of reasons was that our national power bulit on abroad debt, even government or non-government. The situation caused many dificulties when many of investation capital brought out of the country. The market need reformation, need not intervention. This is one of the opprotunies for academist and economist for developing moneter institution based on Syari’ah values. The proof of Bank Muamalat Indonesia (BMI) ability to exist in our banking system, when many others colaps, can be capital to develop Syari’ah economic institutions. Although the total asset of Syari’ah banking only 0,23% of nasional banking asset, but the development shows great signs. As a part of national monetary system, Syari’ah banking needs to be sopported by Islamic Exchange Market.
Bank Islam dan Harapan Umat (Studi atas Kelebihan Bank Islam)
Muhadi Zainuddin
Abstrak
Dalam kata pendahuluannya Umar Chapra mengutip pandangan yang sangat pesimis terhadap masa depan ekonomi dunia, sebagaimana pendapat Helmut Schmit bahwa : ”Ekonomi dunia tengah memasuki suatu fase yang sangat tidak stabil dan masa mendatang sama sekali tidak menentu”. Pandangan tersebut muncul setelah Schmit melakukan analisis dari beberapa kejadian yang melanda saat ini. Dunia mengalami resesi yang mendalam akibat menumpuknya tingkat pengangguran yang semakin hari semakin tak menentu tingginya, tingkat suku bunga riil, fluktuasi nilai tukar yang semakin hari menunjukkan instabilitasnya, besarnya defisit neraca pembayaran yang berujung pada ketidakmampuan negara berkembang membayar kembali utang mereka dan -ini yang sangat mengkhawatirkan semakin memprihatinkannya kemiskinan di banyak negara.
Konsep Pembangunan Ekonomi Islam
Asmuni Mth
Abstract
The development of economy always emphasizes on the growth aspect without considering moral values prevailing in the society. Looking at the fact, then, Islamic economists conceptualize that the development is focused not only on the material aspect, but also on the moral values. The first is necessary to fulfil the ideal needs of the society, which is namely al-had al-kifayah. On the other hand, the later –moral values aspect- is developed in order to achieve the Blessing of Allah Al-Mighty. In addition, the development of economy is not only to provide higher growth only, but it should also be in line with the justice of the distribution. Thus, the economic growth which is relatively less, is considered good if it is followed by the justice of the distribution. Of all, however, both qualitative and quantitative standards of the economic growth is still ignored by the thoughts of Islamic economists.
Kontrak Kerja antara Kesepakatan dan Tuntutan Pengembangan SDM (Perspektif Ekonomi Islam)
M. Tamyiz Mukharrom
Abstrak
Manusia adalah makhluk sosial. Sudah menjadi kodrat manusia memiliki rasa saling ketergantungan (interdependensi) satu sama lain. Dalam menjalani kehidupan, kebutuhannya terhadap orang lain merupakan keniscayaan sejarah (dharuriyy). Tolong-menolong, bantu-membantu, dan bekerja sama merupakan watak dasar dari kehidupan manusia di dunia. Inilah yang dalam falsafah sosial disebut sebagai sosialitas manusia. Di sinilah terjadi interaksi sosial antar-manusia yang menyangkut aspek ekonomi, sosial, politik, dan kebudayaan.
Antisipasi Hukum Islam dalam Menjawab Problematika Kontemporer (Kajian terhadap Pemikiran Maslahah Mursalah al-Ghazali)
Nur Kholis
Abstract
The article below traces how Islamic law anticipates occurring of contemporer problematics according to Ghazali’s Maslahah Mursalah thought. According al-Ghazali, Maslahah Mursalah can be made as an argument for Islamic law determining if it fulfils many requirements: maslahat is suitable with syara’, maslahat is not contrary with al-Qur’an, as-Sunnah, and ijma, and maslahat is existing in daruriyat level or hajiyat that in same level with daruriyat. Maslahah mursalah is not independent dalil that stand alone from al-Qur’an, as-Sunnah, and Ijma’, but it is one of Islamic law istimbat methode. In other word, maslahah mursalah is not resource of Islamic law but methode of Islamic law discovering. Assembling of maslahah mursalah as dalil for Islamic law determining, it makes many moslems contemporer problematics can be known and determined although their law status not mentioned in al-Qur’an and as-Sunnah. So, maslahah mursalah assembling makes Islamic law always appropriate whenever and wherever.
Resensi Buku: Uang dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Islam
Yusdani
Manusia telah mempergunakan berbagai cara untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya. Pada tingkat peradaban yang masih sederhana, manusia melakukan barter -tukar menukar barang. Akan tetapi barter ini mensyaratkan adanya double coincidence of wants dari pihak-pihak yang melakukan barter tersebut. Semakin banyak dan kompleks kebutuhan manusia, semakin sulit melakukan barter sehingga mempersulit transaksi antarmanusia. Oleh karena itu, manusia dari dulu, sudah memikirkan perlunya suatu alat tukar yang dapat diterima oleh semua pihak. Alat tukar demikian disebut uang.
Edisi IX Tahun 2003
Sekapur Sirih Jurnal Al-Mawarid Edisi IX Tahun 2003
Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
Isu tentang perlindungan Hak Milik Intelektual pada dasawarsa terakhir ini terus dibicarakan di berbagai negara. Maraknya isu tersebut tidak terlepas dari banyaknya pelanggaran-pelanggaran seputar hak milik intelektual ini. Pembajakan lukisan, film, buku, kaset, CD, VCD, LD, dan produk-produk teknologi lainnya terjadi secara transparan dan tidak malu-malu. Hal ini terjadi bukan karena sebuah kealpaan atau ketidaktahuan pelaku pembajakan tentang undang-undang perlindungan Hak Milik Intelektual, namun lebih banyak karena nafsu memperoleh keuntungan besar dengan mudah.
Awalnya, perundang-undangan tentang perlindungan Hak Milik Intelektual berkembang pesat di negara-negara yang menganut ideologi kapitalis. Gilirannya, muncul kesepakatan yang dikenal dengan kesepakatan Paris sebagai perlindungan hak milik intelektual pada tahun 1883 dan kesepakatan Bern pada tahun 1886. Kedua kesepakatan tersebut kemudian disusul dengan tidak kurang dari 20 kesepakatan lainnya. Untuk mengawasi dan melindungi kesepakatan-kesepakatan tersebut telah dibentuk organisasi hak milik Intelektual se-Dunia (WIPO).
Pada tahun 1995, Organisasi Perdagangan Dunia (WTO) mengadopsi ide perlindungan hak milik intelektual dan akhirnya WIPO menjadi bagian dari WTO. Kemudian WTO memberikan ketentuan terhadap bangsa-bangsa untuk bergabung di dalamnya; bahwasanya mereka harus mematuhi perlindungan hak milik intelektual dan menetapkan undang-undang yang mengikat terhadap warga negaranya, untuk melindungi hak milik intelektual di negara masing-masing.
Para ahli hukum Islam kontemporer silang pendapat mengenai hukum perlindungan terhadap hak milik intelektual ini. Sebagian mereka tidak menerimanya dengan alasan bahwa obyek kepemilikan dalam syari’ah hanya pada sesuatu atau benda yang nyata. Sementara itu sebagian mereka mengakui hak milik intelektual berdasarkan prinsip mashlahah mursalah yang berkaitan dengan al-huquq al-khash-shah. Menurut mereka tidak ada ketentuan yang tegas dalam kitab suci maupun sunnah yang membatasi kepemilikan hanya pada obyek-obyek yang nyata.
Melihat pentingnya hak milik intelektual tersebut dikaji dari sudut pandang hukum Islam, maka Al-Mawarid edisi IX mengangkat tema ini dan membahasnya dari berbagai aspek dalam perspektif hukum Islam. Redaksi berusaha menghadirkan pembahasan tentang Hak Milik Intelektual secara lengkap mulai dari sejarah munculnya HAKI, baik di Barat ataupun di dunia Islam, sampai pada HAKI dalam perspektif fiqh. Selamat membaca!
Untuk edisi X yang akan datang Jurnal Al-Mawarid akan membahas tema: Lembaga Keuangan Islam, untuk itu mohoh kepada para pembaca untuk berpartisipasi menyumbangkan tulisannya untuk edisi yang akan datang.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
Penyunting
Sejarah dan Teori Perlindungan Hak Kekayaan Intelektual
Syafrinaldi
Abstract
The history of development of intellectual property rights has begun sin the old age of the nations. Germany is the oldest nation in the world to develop the thoughts and ideas of the protection of intellectual property rights or geisteges Eigentum. In the modern age the intellectual property rights has become comodity to produce money and therefore, the intellectual property rights consisting of copyright, patent, trademark, industrial design, trade secret, integrated circuit, and anti monopoli and unfair trade practices meets challenges. TRIPs-Agreement is a set of international law in the field of intellectual property rights which was accepted by the international community in the year of 1994. The birth of TRIPs-Agreement has legal consequences for the States worldwide, because all States must harmonize their nastional legislations in intellectual property rights accordingly.
Sejarah Hak Milik Intelektual dalam Islam
Agus Triyanta
Abstract
The writing below traces the history of the intellectual property rights in Islam. The concept of the intellectual property rights originates from a liberal system that ignoring exclusively the free supply and demand process. According to the writer, that Islam does not reject the urgent of the intellectual property rights because of many reasons but Islam offers the balance between the individual property rights and the rights of society in terms of protecting the intellectual property rights. In this regard, the principles of justice and social in implementation the protecting of intellectual property rights should be developed. So in the context of the strategic sources of economic, the government and muslim institution should take over the copy right.
Hak Milik Intelektual dalam Perspektif Fiqh Islami
Asmuni Mth
Abstrak
Berbicara tentang Hak Milik Intelektual (HAMI) dalam perspektif fiqh menghadapi beberapa problem antara lain yaitu, pertama HAMI tergolong masalah hukum baru yang keberadaannya seperti sekarang ini belum dikenal oleh masyarakat muslim pada abad-abad terdahulu. Karena mayoritas ilmu yang dikembangkan pada masa itu adalah ilmu-ilmu syari’ah yang pengajaran dan penyebarannya menjadi kewajiban kolektif (fard’ al-kifāyah) dan untuk memperoleh pahala. Kedua, sebagian masyarakat muslim memandang HAMI hanya sebagai produk hukum Barat yang bersifat kapitalis, bahkan ada pendapat yang menyatakan bahwa HAMI adalah bentuk monopoli terhadap ilmu pengetahuan yang jelas-jelas tidak dapat diterima oleh Islam. Ketiga terdapat sejumlah teks keagamaan yang menyatakan bahwa ilmu pengetahuan menjadi amal jariyah seseorang yang dapat mendatangkan pahala secara berkesinambungan.
Konsep Al-Mal dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam (Studi Terhadap Ijtihad Fuqaha’)
Abd. Salam Arief
Abstrak
Kata “al-Mal” direkam dalam al-Qur’an terulang sebanyak 86 (delapan puluh enam) kali, kata ini dikemukakan oleh al-Qur’an dalam berbagai ragam dan bentuk yang tersebar dalam berbagai ayat, serta dihimpun dalam bermacam-macam surah. Kesemuanya mempunyai konotasi pengertian yang sama yaitu; harta benda, kekayaan atau hak milik. Begitu banyaknya al-Qur’an mengulang dan memberikan penekanan mengenai al-mal, tidak lain karena al-mal dikalangan komunitas manusia terkadang menjadi sumber ketegangan-ketegangan individu dalam masyarakat, bahkan tidak sedikit pula menimbulkan pertikaian dikalangan mereka. Kegemaran terhadap al-mal merupakan pembawaan manusia, hal itu diungkapkan pula secara transparan dalam al-Qur’an (Dan kamu mencintai harta benda dengan kecintaan yang berlebihan).
Sumber Hak Milik dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam
Yusdani
Abstract
The following article describes the source of ownership in Islamic law viewpoint. The basic concept of ownership in Islamic law perspective has a particular concept if it compares with that of Civil Law, Capitalism and Socialism, especially in terms of the source of ownership. The writer of the article declares that the sources of ownership in Islamic viewpoint are ihram al-megawatt, ad, khalafiyat, and tawallud min mamluk. The concept of aqd or transaction as a source of ownership in Islamic social law, muslims should develop the new kinds of aqd in accord with the free of the contract principle in Islamic law. To develop the new kinds of aqd in Islamic law is so important in the context of response the development of the modern social matters.
Konsep Pembatasan Hak Milik (Tahdid Al-Milkiyyah) dan Pengambilalihan Hak Milik Atas Tanah (Al-Ta’mim) Menurut Syari’at Islam
M. Arsyad Kusasy
Abstract
The writer of the article discourses the concept of “tahdid al-milkiyah” ( the limitation of ownership ) and al-ta’mim ( the nationalization). The realization of both tahdid al-milkiyah and al-ta’mim can be justified according to the decisions of Islamic Syari’at. And the public interest (maslahah ammah) principle denotes the fundament of the realization of two concepts above-mentioned. The most important in this sense is the application of tahdid al-milkiyah will give the utility for the needs of community, society, and the state. So will the concept of al-ta’mim, if a state in emergency cunducted the nationalization of wealth from its owner because of the necessity of the public, but the government should pay fine. If the steps of the realization of both concepts afore-mentioned tahdid al-milkiyah and al-ta’mim should realize wisely will applicable well.
Konsep Kepemilikan dalam Islam (Kajian dari Aspek Filosofis dan Potensi Pengembangan Ekonomi Islami)
M. Sularno
Abstrak
Sebagai realisasi universalitas Islam, masalah kepemilikan diatur secara luas dalam Fiqh Mu’amalah bidang Al-Mal (harta benda) dan Al-Milk (milik).1 Perihal kepemilikan diatur agar tidak terjadi pelanggaran hak (milik) seseorang oleh pihak lain, sebab manusia memiliki kecenderungan materialistis. Islam mengakui adanya hak milik pribadi maupun milik umum. Islam juga menghormati hak milik sekaligus memberikan aturan-aturannya, seperti jika hak milik seseorang telah mencapai jumlah tertentu harus didistribusikan kepada orang lain. Penghormatan Islam terhadap adanya hak milik tercermin secara nyata dalam konsep haq al-adami, di samping itu perlindungan keselamatan hak milik pribadi pun diberikan Islam dengan ditentukannya sanksi pidana terhadap orang yang merampasnya, baik melalui cara pencurian ataupun perampokan.
Kontradiksi dalam Isti’malul Haq (Ta’asuf) Perspektif Hukum Islam
M. Tamyiz Mukharram
Abstract
Islam guarantees and protects individual rights. The guarantees and protects are regarded as an important part to obtain the basic objectives of Syari’a. The freedom to use the rights. However, is not unlimited. Islam maintains limitations to avoid contradiction occures between the implementation of individual rights and other’s. The abuse of rights, in fiqh sense, called ta’asuf. Ta’asuw may accures in politic, economic, social, cultural fields, and particulary in patent right. This articles attempts to elaborate Islamic law point of view on the contradiction my occures in patent right and some abstracles that Islamic law experts have to find out the solution.
Akad Nikah Sebagai Sumber Hak Milik Suami Isteri
Syarif Zubaidah
Abstrak
Akad nikah termasuk jenis transaksi yang berbeda dengan transaksi-transaksi lainnya, seperti akad jual beli, sewa menyewa, gadai, hibah dan lain sebagainya, Perbedaan itu dapat dilihat dari segi tujuannya yang hanya berakibat memberikan hak milk al-intifā, yaitu suatu hak yang dimiliki oleh suami untuk mengambil manfaat dari kelamin isterinya dan seluruh anggota badannya. Pemilik hak dalam hal ini suami, hanya berhak mengambil manfaat, berupa kenikmatan dan hanya terbatas untuk dirinya sendiri, karena orang lain haram hukumnya untuk bergabung merasakan kenikmatan tersebut. Sedangkan akad jual beli, sewa menyewa, hibah dan lain sebagainya merupakan transaksi yang mengakibatkan si pemilik suatu benda dapat memakai, menjual, meminjamkan dan memberikan atau mewariskannya kepada orang lain.
Book Review: Hukum Tentang Perlindungan Hak Milik Intelektual Dalam Menghadapi Era Globalisasi
Rahmani Timorita Yulianti
Buku tulisan Syafrinaldi (selanjutnya penulis) yang berjudul “Hukum Tentang Perlindungan Hak Milik Intelektual Dalam Menghadapi Era Globalisasi” mendiskripsikan secara lengkap dan rinci tentang hukum yang mengatur tentang perlindungan Hak Milik Intelektual (selanjutnya HAMI) mulai dari sejarahnya, eksistensi peraturan perundang-undangan nasional, hukum Internasional dalam bidang HAMI serta perlindungan hukum HAMI di masa mendatang. Masalah hukum perlindungan Hak Milik Intelektual (HAMI) memang sangat penting, karena hal itu bukan hanya menjadi wewenang pemerintah saja tetapi sudah menjadi tanggung jawab semua pihak. Kepentingan HAMI juga didukung oleh keterkaitannya dengan masalah nama dan kehormatan bagi si pencipta maupun si penemu dalam hal paten serta penghasilan yang didapatkan dari hal paten tersebut.