Tag Archive for: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam

Vol. III, No. 2, Desember 2009

Editorial La_Riba Vol. 3, No. 2, Desember 2009

Pertumbuhan bank syariah di tanah air belakangan ini terus menunjukkan perkembangan yang menggembirakan. Dilihat dari nilai aset, bank syariah di Indonesia terus tumbuh pada kisaran angka yang membanggakan. Pada tahun 2005, nilai asetnya baru mencapai Rp 20,88 triliun, kemudian di tahun 2006 meningkat hingga menjadi Rp26,72 triliun. Tahun 2007 juga menunjukkan peningkatan sehingga aset bank syariah menjadi Rp36,53 triliun, dan pada tahun 2008 mencapai Rp49,55 triliun. Untuk tahun ini data per November 2009 menunjukkan nilai aset bank syariah telah mencapai Rp61,35 triliun.

Perkembangan menggembirakan ini di satu sisi menunjukkan kapasitas pengelola perbankan syariah dalam mengembangkan usaha sekaligus penerimaan yang baik dari masyarakat dalam hal ini bangsa Indonesia. Namun demikian di sisi lain, sejumlah pertanyaan mendasar dan bahkan kritis masih terus bermunculan baik terkait kelembangaan perbankan syariah maupun perangkat lainnya. Perbankan syariah terutama yang berasal dari perbankan konvensional banyak dikritisi karena dianggap hanyalah wajah baru dari sistem perbankan konvensional induknya yang tidak ingin kehilangan pelanggannya.

Kritikan semacam ini pada dasarnya merupakan kritik membangun yang seharusnya diterima pengelola perbankan syariah dengan lapang dada sebagai masukan bagi pengembangan di masa mendatang. Bagi akademisi dan pegiat ekonomi Islam, kritik semacam ini juga selayaknya memacu akselerasi pemikiran ekonomi Islam yang lebih mendalam sehingga dapat teraplikasikan dalam kehidupan bangsa Indonesia. Fakta bahwa perbankan syariah sering dikaitkan dengan politik akomodasi Orde Baru terhadap umat Islam, atau bahkan pengaruh ideologi Islam revivalis, hendaknya dilawan balik dengan menunjukkan bahwa dengan atau tanpa pengaruh eksternal umat Islam memang membutuhkan perbankan syariah tidak saja sebagai lembaga intermediasi keuangan, tetapi lebih dari itu sebagai perwujudan kontribusi dalam membangun bangsa.

Sebagai wujud kegelisahan akademik atas fenomena ini, Jurnal La_Riba edisi ini mengangkat tema ‘Bank Syari’ah: Peluang atau Pengaruh Ideologi?’. Di dalamnya, terdapat sejumlah artikel terkait perkembangan terkini dalam dunia perbankan syariah di Indonesia. Rahmani Timorita Yulianti mengkaji terkait “Manajemen Risiko Perbankan Syari’ah”, Cahyo Halim Istiqlal menulis tentang “Penilaian Kinerja Perbankan Syariah dengan Metode Balanced Scorecard”, Maulana Hamzah menulis kajian dengan judul “Optimalisasi Peran Dual Banking System Melalui Fungsi Strategis JUB Dalam Rangka Menjaga Stabilitas Sistem Keuangan di Indonesia”, Nasrodin menyajikan “Analisis Fiqih Terhadap Implementasi Pembiayaan Modal Kerja iB pada PT. Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero), Tbk Kantor Cabang Syari`Ah Yogyakarta”, dan Yuli Andriansyah menulis terkait “Kinerja Keuangan Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia dan Kontribusinya bagi Pembangunan Nasional”.

Selain kajian-kajian tersebut di atas, artikel lain juga dihadirkan dalam edisi ini, antara lain tulisan Yulizar D. Sanrego Nz dan Rusdi Batun tentang ”Pandangan Islam Terhadap Privatisasi BUMN”, penelitian Malik Cahyadin dan Devi Oktaviana Milandari tentang “Analisis Ecient Market Hypothesis (EMH) di Bursa Saham Syariah, 2005:1–2008:11”, dan book review “Membedah Konsep Ekonomi Islam” oleh Nur Kholis. Kami berharap persembahan pada edisi ini mampu meningkatkan peran dan kontribusi pemikiran dalam perbankan syariah di Indonesia.

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Daftar Isi La_Riba Vol. 3, No. 2, Desember 2009

Pandangan Islam Terhadap Privatisasi BUMN

Yulizar D. Sanrego Nz dan Rusdi Batun

Abstrak

The privatization program of BUMN in Indonesia rises new polemic among stakeholders. This leads to the uncertainty of realizing such critical program. In line with this privatization discourse, Islam has a particular discussion on assets ownership which should be utilised according to its status. This paper seeks to critically analyze the policy of BUMN privatization in Indonesia with reference to the concept of ownership in Islamic Perspective both fiqh and hadits approaches. The authors employ descriptive qualitative to discuss the privatization program of BUMN with the concept of asset ownership from Islamic perspective particularly for companies which being listed in such program. In addition, the authors also use content analysis approach to look deeply into some fiqh books as well as some hadits that relevance to the topic of this paper. The authors conclude that BUMN category which couldn’t be privatisized are BUMN that deal with the basic needs of humanbeing, BUMN which manage resources that couldn’t be possessed either by individu or group, and BUMN which manage mine materials with unlimited deposit.

JEL Clasification: A13, G38, L33

Keywords: Privatisasi, BUMN dan Kepemilikan Islam.


Manajemen Risiko Perbankan Syari’ah

Rahmani Timorita Yulianti

Abstract

The development of sharia banking currently experience significant acceleration in Indonesia and the world. This development is expected to strengthen the national financial system stability while on the other hand is alleged to increase the challenges faced by sharia banking. The ability to manage risk then becomes main factor that will determine the sustainability and growth of this industry. This article is focused on discussing issues related to risk management in sharia banking form its risk profile and role of DPS (Sharia Supervisory Board) in contributing to manage emerging risks. Emperical findings suggest that sharia banking should put itself in strategic position in global market to minimize risks. The banking should also enable its solid sharia perspective and risk management capacity to innovatively able in risk mitigation. The role of DPS should also be increased especially in sharia compliace to gain public trust on this growing industry.

Keywords: manajemen, risiko, Perbankan Syari’ah


Penilaian Kinerja Perbankan Syariah Dengan Metode Balanced Scorecard

Cahyo Halim Istiqlal

Abstract

The research is aimed to analyze the banking performance of Bank Rakyat Indonesia Syariah Yogyakarta and BPR Syariah Bangun Derajat Warga. Balanced Scorecard was implemented in this research to oversee the banking performance comprehensively. Empirical findings indicate that the performances of both BRI Syariah Yogyakarta and BPR Syariah Bangun Derajat Warga are in good condition as viewed from financial, growth and learning perspectives. The performance is good enough from customer perspective, while from business perspective it is in unfavorable conditions. The authors suggest that BRI Syariah Yogyakarta and BPR Syariah Bangun Derajat Warga should apply the Balanced Scorecard to measure their performances and as a strategic corporate management system in the future.

Keywords: balanced scorecard, banking performance, financial perspective


Kinerja Keuangan Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia dan Kontribusinya bagi Pembangunan Nasional

Yuli Andriansyah

Abstract

This article is aimed to oversee the development of Islamic banking in Indonesia mainly on its financial performance. The financial performance of the Islamic banking is observed in accordance to its blue print in order to evaluate its development and contribution to country development as part its main mission. To some extent, emperical findings suggest that the banking has so far shown its relatively high percieved performance in its financial duty mainly in contributing to financial intermediacies function of banking and to small and medium enterprises development in Indonesia. Nevertheles, some notes should be adressed to banking preference in supporting economic activities of people majority, such as in agriculture and other primary sectors and in implementing its profit and sharing principles in its activities.

Kata kunci: perbankan syariah, kinerja keuangan, pembangunan nasional


Optimalisasi Peran Dual Banking System Melalui Fungsi Strategis JUB Dalam Rangka Menjaga Stabilitas Sistem Keuangan di Indonesia

Maulana Hamzah

Abstract

We study financial system stability by concern on liquidity and effectiveness money multipler between dual banking system, both are; Shari’a Banking and Conventional Banking. Research begun with historical-idealty approach and compare it to reality especially when system attacked by crisis. The comparation Between dual banking system, show that when crisis period Shari’a banking more Insusceptible than another one that because money multipler in shari’a banking is more deducated to riil sector and also he have low integrity with global economic, however the integrity has the positive side to develop economic quantity. By Monetary policy, A central bank can share this system stability adding quantity off Shari’a financial instrumen and gold in foreign exchange policy to cover system sustebcibility. Looked into inffectiveneess banking rekapitalitation, there is 2 option to protect conventional banking stability: office channeling or convertion to shari’a banking. And the segmentation liquidity in money market between bank can be decreas by clearing system based on shari’a principle.

Keyword: Monetary Policy, Dual Banking system, Money Multipliers, Financial System Stability


Analisis Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) di Bursa Saham Syariah, 2005:1 – 2008:11

Malik Cahyadin dan Devi Oktaviana Milandari

Abstraks

Study on sharia stocks exchange takes an important place and consideration since transactions and financial activities within a stocks exchange market will determine the mode of market itself and will have impact on economic activities in a country where the market is established. This paper is mainly focused to oversee sharia stocks exchanges in Indonesia, United States, Saudi Arabia, and Malaysia using efficient market hypothesis (EHM) method. Data used in this study were collected from monthly sharia stocks exchanges index from 2005:1 to 2008:11. There are three types of market in EHM method, i.e. weak, least-strong, and strong market. Econometric test procedures used in this study involve data stationery and Granger causality tests. Data stationery test indicates that all variables are stationer at first difference, I(1). It implies that sharia stocks exchanges in Indonesia, United States, and Malaysia tend to be weak, while in Saudi Arabia it tends to be least-strong.

Keywords: sharia stocks price index, efficient market hypothesis


Analisis Fiqih Terhadap Implementasi Pembiayaan Modal Kerja iB Pada PT. Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero), Tbk Kantor Cabang Syariah Yogyakarta

Nasrodin

Abstract

Capital is an important component for the continuation of production activities for a company, especially for companies that are still in the development and expansion. PT. Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero), Tbk Branch Sharia Yogyakarta is one of the Islamic Bankig that offer Working Capital Financing iB based on Sharia priciple by using Mudarabah instrument. Results from this study is that the Working Capital Financing iB applied by at. PT. Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero), Tbk Branch Sharia Yogyakarta based on Mudarabah instrument fully Shariah compliance with the Shariah Board of the National Fatwa Council of Ulama Indonesia No: 07/DSN-MUI/IV/2000, about Financing Mudarabah (Qirad) on the Bank’s view of Sharia and Fiqh, although there are two things that need to be reformulated, namely about the charging of administrative and notary fees are determined by a percentage and is fully charged to customers financing applicants.

Keywords: Working Capital Financing and Mudarabah iB.


Book Review Membedah Konsep Ekonomi Islam

Nur Kholis

Terbitnya buku yang berjudul Islamic Economic ini, semakin menambah literature yang membahas tentang ekonomi Islam dan ditulis oleh orang asli Indonesia. Secara kuantitatif, buku yang membahas ekonomi Islam dan ditulis oleh orang asli Indonesia masih sedikit. Uniknya buku ini, walaupun judul utamanya berbahasa Inggris, tetapi isinya berbahasa Indonesia. Penggunaan judul berbahasa Inggris ini mungkin memang terkait preferensi penulis dalam pemilihan judul, karena buku penulis sebelumnya juga diberi judul berbahasa Inggris walaupun isinya berbahasa Indonesia.


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Vol. I, No. 2, Desember 2007

Editorial Jurnal La_Riba Vol. 1, No. 2, Desember 2007

Sejak satu dasa warsa terakhir, perkembangan wacana Ekonomi Islam di Indonesia mendapatkan perhatian yang sangat bagus dan luas. Pembicaraan terutama berkait dengan perkembangannya dalam aspek konseptual/akademis dan praktis. Dari sisi akademis, perkembangan Ekonomi Islam ditandai dengan banyaknya lembaga-lembaga pendidikan yang menawarkan program studi ekonomi Islam baik S-1, S-2 maupun S-3, pelatihan dan short course perbankan Syariah, maupun mata kuliah Ekonomi Islam, Keuangan Islam dan Perbankan Syariah dalam kurikulum suatu jurusan baik pada tingkat Sarjana (S-1) maupun tingkat Pascasarjana (S-2 dan S-3). Di samping itu, pembicaraan perkembangan Ekonomi Islam juga dilakukan melalui kegiatan seminar, simposium, konferensi, kajian buku dan kegiatan lain yang mengkaji lebih mendalam mengenai perkembangan Ekonomi Islam dan aplikasinya dalam dunia ekonomi dan bisnis

Dalam aplikasinya, perkembangan sistem Ekonomi Islam ditandai dengan banyaknya lembaga-lembaga keuangan Syariah yang didirikan seperti Perbankan Syariah, Pasar Modal Syariah, Pegadaian Syariah, Asuransi Syariah dan lembaga-lembaga lain yang dijalankan dengan prinsip-prinsip Syariah. Semakin banyak lembaga-lembaga keuangan yang berasaskan prinsip-prinsip dasar Syariah memberikan alternatif yang lebih besar kepada masyarakat untuk menggunakan lembaga keuangan yang tidak berdasarkan sistem bunga (lembaga keuangan konvensional).

Perkembangan Ekonomi Islam di Indonesia yang semakin pesat tersebut membutuhkan suatu strategi yang lebih jelas sehingga mampu menjadi pendorong terbentuknya Sistem Ekonomi Islam di Indonesia yang memadai. Berdasarkan situasi yang ada, strategi pengembangan Ekonomi Islam paling tidak perlu memperhatikan dua aspek mendasar yaitu aspek konseptual/akademis dan implementatif/praktis dari Ekonomi Islam. Pengembangan aspek konseptual lebih menekankan pada pengembangan Ekonomi Islam sebagai ilmu atau sistem, sedangkan pengembangan aspek implementatif menekankan pada pengembangan Ekonomi Islam yang diterapkan pada lembaga-lembaga bisnis yang menerapkan prinsip Syariah dalam menjalankan usahanya. Kedua aspek tersebut seharusnya dikembangkan secara bersama-sama sehingga mampu membentuk Sistem Ekonomi Islam yang dapat digunakan untuk menggali potensi dan kemampuan masyarakat (Indonesia) membangun sistem ekonomi alternatif sebagai pengganti atau pelengkap sistem ekonomi konvensional yang sudah ada.

Merespon perkembangan pesat tersebut, Jurnal La_Riba edisi ini menghadirkan penulis-penulis yang diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam upaya membumikan ekonomi Islam di Indonesia, di antaranya A. Dimyati menulis tentang paradigma baru ekonomi Islam, Sufriadi menulis tentang Memberdayakan peran BASYARNAS dalam penyelesaian sengketa, Muhadi Zainudin menulis dalam bahasa Arab tentang kajian praktis bisnis perbankan Syariah, dan lain-lain. Selamat Membaca.

Untuk edisi mendatang jurnal La_Riba akan mengangkat tema Peran Ekonomi Islam dalam Pemulihan Ekonomi di Indonesia. Untuk itu redaksi mohon partisipasi para pembaca untuk menyumbangkan tulisannya.

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Daftar Isi

Ekonomi Etis: Paradigma Baru Ekonomi Islam

A. Dimyati

Abstract

The following article traces the academical critics toward the conventional economics in particular in term of the sophisticated and established of this science. On the contrary, the character behind of its finalized, there are several weakness of this field of science, for instance the reducing of social facts. Departing from the facts, the emerging ideas of economics scholars have a great desire to return the conventional economics as humanist sciences. In this sense, the emerging of Islamic economics can be regarded as an effort and an alternative solutive from Capitalism and Socialism. Islamic economics offers the religious ethics as the basis of economical activities. Its ethics derives from al-Quran and prophet tradition.

Keywords: paradigma, etis, Islam, dan ekonomi.


Sistem Pembiayaan Leasing di Perbankan Syariah

Agus Waluyo Nur

Abstrak

This article tries to explore the theoritical concept of leasing as a product of Shari’ah banking. The system of Shari’ah banking denotes a part of Islamic economics concept. Islamic economics aims is to land the values and the ethics of Islam. The emerging of Shari’ah banking institution because of the motivating to avoid the riba (interest) system. The prohibition of interest system in Islam constitutes the main reference in the Shari’ah banking activities. The label of the shari’ah implies the several consequences either in the concept or in operating system of shari’ah bank including the leasing should be based on both Al-quran and Sunnah.

Keywords: leasing, perbankan, Syari’ah, dan pembiayaan.


Ekonomi Syari’ah: Tinjauan Kritis Produk Murabahah dalam Perbankan Syari’ah di Indonesia

Anita Rahmawaty

Abstract

The term “Murabaha” refers to contracts in which a financial institution purchases goods upon the request of a client, who makes deferred payments that cover costs and agreed-upon profit margin for the financial institution. The financial institution handles payment to a supplier and the incidental expenses of delivery (against a deferred payment made by the buyer to cover delivery costs and agreed-upon share of the buyer’s mark-up). Murabaha is the most widely used instrument of Islamic banking with seventy-five percent of total contract being murabaha based. It is widely used in consumer and corporate financing as well as in subordinated or term financing. The aim of this paper is to review and analyze the murabaha contract, the most important investment mechanism in Islamic banking today both in its theoretical and practical aspects.

Keywords: murabahah, ekonomi, perbankan, syariah, produk.


Dhaman Asy-Syariah Al-Islamiyah: Dirasah Waqiiyyah fi Al-Bank Al-Islami li At-Tanmawiyah

Muhadi Zainuddin

Abstrak

Tulisan berikut ini membahas fenomena dan realitas perbankan Islam di Indonesia. Adapun prinsip-prinsip utama yang menjadi dasar pijak perbankan dalam Islam adalah antara lain adalah sesuai dengan Syari’ah dan mengharamkan riba. Pengharaman riba tersebut dapat dilihat baik dalam konsep maupun dalam operasionalnya. Oleh karena itu, salah satu bentuk produk yang ditawarkan oleh perbankan dalam Islam selain musyarakah adalah mudarabah atau bagi hasil. Selain itu, prinsip yang diterapkan dalam perbankan Islam tersebut yaitu menjaga keseimbangan atau tawasut. Posisi dan sistem perbankan Islam merupakan jalan tengah antara kapitalisme dan sosialisme. Bahkan dapat pula dikatakan perbankan Islam adalah sistemadalah sistem perbankan yang menerapkan nilai-nilai etika Islam.

Keywords: al-bank, al-Islamiyah, at-tanmiyah, dan tawasut.


Teorisasi Akuntansi Syari’ah di Indonesia

Dwi Suwiknyo

Abstract

Shari’ a accounting, at level ontology and epistemology there is agreement of among expert of accounting that shari’a accounting differs from conventional accounting. But, in methodologies level there are still difference of opinion among expert of shari’a accounting. This article is striving to find shari‘a accounting methodologies. Especially, express accounting principles having ideology value coming from shari‘a, also its can synergy with process behavior of people (habitus) taking place in Indonesia. Thereby, will be obtained principle and procedure shari’a accounting coming from Islam and easy to be application.

Keywords: akuntansi syari’ah, metodologi, nash, habitus, dan teorisasi.


Paradigma Baru Misi Profetisme Keagaman di Indonesia dalam Pembebasan Kaum Miskin dan Tertindas (Pendekatan Lintas Agama Islam dan Katolik)

Bertholomeus Bolong

Abstract

The mission of religions aims to bring welfare and safety for human both in the world or hereafter. Meanwhile the poverty denotes multidimensional perspective includes in term of economy, social, belief in God, and moral. The poverty constitutes the challenge that Indonesian people face. The poverty indicates the lower of percapita income, jobless, etc. Islam and Catholic two religion institutions in Indonesia have the prophetical task and responsibility toward the poor people. The prophetical mission involves the problem of poverty in order to liberate them from that poverty. The liberation the poor people from poverty does not only a basis of Indonesian development and civility but also denotes the prophetical ethics.

Keywords: misi, profetik, miskin, tertindas, dan agama.


Memberdayakan Peran Badan Arbitrase Syariah Nasional (BASYARNAS) dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Ekonomi Syariah di Luar Pengadilan

Sufriadi

Abstract

Naturally, in community will have been conflict at the time. Especially for the development of the life. Such as in money transaction (economy) that have to need vertical development. In Indonesia, the development of syariah economy is growing up in golden era, while the condition of Basyarnas (Badan Arbitrase Syariah Nasional) – wich is one medium in legal action solving of non-litigation syaria economy – is declining. Its ineffective working is shown at the starting of syaria economy till growing up. This paper discribes the development of syaria economy and its rationalization needs with Basyarnas as alternative in legal action solving effectively for syaria economy practitioner. The one of solutions is a revision of Basyarna Regulations.

Keywords: Basyarnas, Penyelesaian Sengketa, Ekonomi Syariah


Link ATM Bank Syariah ke Bank Konvensional Perspektif Syariah (Studi Kasus Pada Bank Muamalah Indonesia Cabang Yogyakarta)

Arief Rachman Matani

Abstract

This research is about an analysis toward ATM link between Syariah bank, especially Bank Muamalat Indonesia (BMI) and conventional bank in Islamic point of view. As an Islamic bank, BMI had perform Islamic values in its overall operation. The innovation made by BMI, ATM link between BMI and BCA, makes many inquiries from the society, especially academician wheter the product of this ATM link compliance to Syariah’s rules or not. It is a qualitative research used library as source of datas. It applies content analysis as method of analysis. The research found that the ATM link product between BMI and BCA is compliance to Syariah’s rules. BMI cooperate with two switching corporation, namely PT Artajasa and PT Rintis Sejahtera. The cooperation is based on ijarah contract, and contract of ijarah is lawful in Islam. The aim of cooperation among them is to secure benefit for human being and repell the evil.

Keywords: ATM, bank syariah, bank konvensional


Book Review Sukses Bisnis Modal Dengkul

Husain Haikal

Apa yang disajikan dalam buku ini cukup bermakna untuk dikaji dan diamalkan dalam dinamika kehidupan sehari-hari. Karya ini cukup bermakna terutama bagi mereka yang ingin mengembangkan wirausahanya. Karya ini cukup bermakna tidak hanya bagi para pelaku bisnis tetapi juga mereka yang sama menggumuli dunia akademis. Mengapa? Ada beberapa alasan yang dapat disajikan untuk sekedar ’pembenaran’, walau mungkin saja relatif sifatnya. Kebetulan penulisnya pernah menjadi mahasiswa, sayangnya dia terpaksa harus drop out karena beberapa sebab. Semua ini belum sempat diungkap penulisnya agar para pembaca berhasil mendapatkan aneka manfaat dari serba sebutan negatif apabila seseorang ’gagal’ menamatkan studi. Bukankah kegagalan seseorang dalam studi dapat terjadi karena adanya beragam sebab? Kegagalan bukan hanya disebabkan kekeliruan sikap dan langkah yang dilakukan bersangkutan sehingga dia terpaksa harus drop out?

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